Objective To construct a nursing plan for the quality of bowel preparation of diabetic patients,and to explore effects of its application. Methods The Delphi expert consultation method was used to construct a nursing plan for the intestinal preparation of diabetic patients. The plan includes 4 times of intestinal preparation intervention,5 key points of intestinal preparation intervention and 15 guiding contents of nursing intervention. 300 patients who underwent colonoscopy in the digestive endoscopy center of a tertiary general hospital in Fujian Province from August 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the research subjects,using the experimental research method. The research participants are grouped in chronological order,and finally 150 cases were included in the actual research subject control group and 150 cases in the experimental group. The control group was given regular bowel preparation guidance,and the experimental group used diabetic colonoscopy on the basis of routine care. The adequacy rate of bowel preparation,the detection rate of adenoma,the compliance of bowel preparation and the occurrence of adverse reactions of the 2 groups were compared. Results The bowel preparation adequacy rate,colon adenoma detection rate,and bowel preparation compliance ratio of the experimental group were all higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The number of cases of nausea,abdominal distension and hypoglycemia in bowel preparation in the experimental group were Less than it in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of the intestinal preparation nursing intervention program for diabetic patients can effectively improve the bowel preparation adequacy rate,the detection rate of polyps,and the compliance of intestinal preparation;reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions during the intestinal preparation process,and alleviate the intestinal preparation of patients.